Monday, 11 May 2015

SAP BW InfoObjects

InfoObjects are essential to the SAP business intelligence solution. InfoObjects accept and obtain information from the source, then revise and arrange the information into either a standard or unique report. The InfoObject is the smallest building block in SAP BW. It is put to use in InfoProviders (InfoCubes, DSOs, MultiProviders, Queries, etc... ). Picture InfoObjects as very small Lego pieces that when assorted together, make a much bigger Lego formation (InfoProvider). InfoProviders are made from InfoObjects and form something critical that permits end users to report from. You will find five different types of InfoObjects offered in the SAP BW environment.

Types of InfoObjects:
A) Characteristics (Employee, Customer, Material)
B) Key Figures (Quantity Sold, Amount, Weight)
C) Time Characteristics (Year, Month, Period, Quarter)
D) Unit InfoObjects (Currency Unit, Measurement Unit)
E) Technical Characteristics (Data Load Request ID, Change Run ID, Package ID)

A) Characteristics:
This type of InfoObject symbolizes a business entity that you are likely going to be analyzing. Such as: material, customer, or region.

B) Key Figures:
This type of InfoObject provides numeric measures of business entities. We chose to implement these to examine characteristics by weight, quantity, price, amount, etc...
C) Time Characteristics:
This particular type of InfoObject provides when a transaction takes place. As an option, fiscal year, month of sale, day of sale, quarter in which something sold.

D) Unit InfoObjects:
This kind of InfoObject provides what unit of measure a key figure is using. For instance, we might be using the metric system to gauge weights for our clients, so as a substitute for pounds we will be using kilograms.

E) Technical Characteristics:
SAP internal InfoObjects that retain information containing automatically generated IDs that are being used for monitoring and administration of the SAP BW system. For example, every individual load into SAP BW involves a unique request ID that ties back to a exclusive load so administrators can diagnose inaccuracies or take out a bad data load.

See if you are able to spot the InfoObjects that we would need to use in an effort to answer this business question... 

ABC Corporation is interested in finding out how much of product x shipped on date x to factory x.
0NAME (ABC Corporation), 0MATERIAL (Product x), 0DATE (Ship date x), 0LOCATION (factory location) would be our characteristics needed
0AMOUNT (Quantity shipped) would be our key figure used to measure the quantity of products shipped

We know that we would need at a minimum, an InfoProvider that incorporated the above five InfoObjects. This is important when building in BW to get the client to let you know all the pieces they are wishing to analyze (InfoObjects) so you can produce an InfoProvider containing applicable InfoObjects that will create valuable reports and in turn information for the business.
SAP delivers a plethora of InfoObjects standard. These objects are actually in the BI content (Business Content). BI content is SAPs strategy for an out of the box answer to your business requirements. These objects begin with '0' and it is not recommended to revise them. Having said that, more often than not, delivered InfoObjects will not meet your needs for development, you can effortlessly create a customized object that will meet your requirements. You can create custom Characteristic, Key Figure, and Unit InfoObjects.
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